ABSTRACT
The report is about the designing of an aircraft by using the knowledge and information we have learned while studying Avionics System Design. The purpose of the report is to design a cockpit of an aircraft and to retrofit the equipments with our own specification and knowledge. In this report I have modified MIG-35 and I have installed some latest systems in it. I have changed the cockpit design but overall the design of the body is same. Avionics Architecture Communication buses were carried out. In this regard the required capabilities and performance specifications were given and in view of this information, a detailed study of different alternatives for avionics systems.
Aim and Objective:
The aim of this report is to enhance Air superiority only and for this modification was to enhance the role of the MIG-35 in the mission of;
Electronic Warfare and Making Aircraft More advanced than 5th generation Aircraft.
In Precise Air to Air and Air to Ground Targeting with precise Target resolution and controlling the Drag during hitting Missile
Fast Data Processing As it had Speed of light/6 and making it possible to achieve equal to speed of light by doing little modification on 1553B.
Making more advance OLS (optical locator system) which is silent Radar and it emit nothing so being undetectable.
Advancement in Cockpit.
The MiG-35 Fulcrum F - Another Russian Bird of Prey
The Mikoyan Guryevich MiG-35 (NATO code named Fulcrum F) is a 4++ generation, air superiority, front-line fighter, which is basically the enhanced version of the MiG-29K/KUB and MiG-29M/M2. In this brief article, I will point out some power points of this advanced Fulcrum. The MiG-35 (single seat) and MiG-35D (double seat) are the "4++" generation multi-role fighters, exhibiting the further development of the MiG-29K/KUB and MiG-29M/M2 fighters in the field of the combat efficiency enhancement, universality and operational characteristics improvement. The MiG-35/MiG-35D main features are the fifth generation information-sighting systems integration into aircraft airborne avionics, possibility of advanced Russian and foreign origin weapons application and increased combat survivability due to integration of airborne integrated defense system.
State-of-the art avionics in combination with advanced weapons allow the MiG-35/MiG-35D fighters fulfill a great number of missions:
Air superiority gaining against four & fifth generation fighters
Interception of existing and being developed air attack means
Ground/surface targets destruction with high precision weapons without entering the air defense zone day and night in any weather conditions
Air reconnaissance using optical-electronic and radio-technical equipment;
Participation in group actions and air control over groups of fighters.
The MiG-35/MiG-35D Fighters structure is based upon the following achievements obtained on the MiG-29K/KUB, MiG-29M/M2 aircraft:
Increased weapons load stored at nine external stations;
Increased fuel capacity, in-flight refueling and possibility of using as a tanker;
Airframe & main systems anti-corrosion protection technology which meets the standards developed for carrier-based aircraft thus simplifying fighters operation in tropical weather conditions;
Significantly reduced radar signature;
Three channel fly-by-wire control system with quadruple redundancy.
In the course of the MiG-35 aircraft development the most attention was paid to operational characteristics improvement:
Reliability of aircraft, engines and avionics is significantly increased;
Lifetime and service life are extended;
Mean time between overhauls (MTBO) of engines is increased;
The MiG-35 aircraft flight hour cost is almost 2.5 times lower than those of the MiG-29 fighter the MiG-35 aircraft is intended for the on-condition maintenance.
The complex of technical and technological solutions has been developed for the MiG-35/MiG-35D aircraft which provides for independent operation, like airborne oxygen generation plant. The power plant includes two engines RD-33MK with increased thrust power, equipped with smokeless combustion chamber and new electronic control system (of FADEC type). Engines are of the module structure and have increased reliability and service life. Upon customer request the fighters can be equipped with "all aspect" thrust vectored RD-33MK engines ensuring the aircraft superiority in the maneuvering dogfight. The power plant of two thrust vectored engines was tested on the super maneuverable prototype-aircraft MiG-29M OVT. The airborne avionics of the MiG-35/MiG-35D aircraft is developed on the basis of the new generation technologies.
Tasks and objectives
The MiG-35 multirole tactical designed for round-the-clock elimination of aerial and surface threats in any weather in the face of the enemy’s active and passive electronic countermeasures (ECM). Its objectives include aerial threat interception, air superiority, and interdiction, suppression of enemy air defenses, close air support and naval threat elimination. The MiG-35 is being derived from the MiG-29K multirole carrier borne fighter developed on order from the Indian Navy and, together with it, will make up the family of MiG-29 tactical fighter new-generation derivatives, which entered production in 2006. The family is expected to be made up of by at least four communized versions the MiG-29K and MiG-29KUB multirole ship borne fighters in the single-seat and two-seat configurations respectively and the single-seat MiG-35 and twin-seat MiG-35D multirole tactical fighters carrying the new-generation avionics and weapons suites. In addition, to meet the requirements of some of the customers, there will be production of the MiG-29M and MiG-29M2 multirole tactical fighters communized with the MiG-35 and MiG-35D in terms of airframe and basic aircraft systems, but featuring somewhat more modest capabilities in terms of avionics and weapons that are to be communized with the MiG-29SMT and MiG-29K/KUB. Each pair of the fighters features a 90-per cent or more degree of commonality, with the singles seated and two-seater having the same design of their fuselage forward sections and cockpit canopy with the singles seater’s rear combat station occupied by an extra fuel tank or additional avionics units, if the customer wishes so. Compared to the existing MiG-29, the basic new features of the MiG-35 and MiG-35D are going to be the following:
Super maneuverability through the use of the reduced longitudinal stability aerodynamic Configuration, fly-by-wire control system and powerful engines, especially if the latter are Fitted with the thrust vector control system
High survivability due to reduced observability, up-to-date self-defense suite, aircraft system redundancy, etc
Enhanced reliability owing to time-proven technical and design solutions, integral systems ’health’ monitoring and failure forecasting. features
In terms of design, the MiG-35 is a derivative of the upgraded two-seat MiG-29M2 fighter that was, in turn, derived in 2001 from the MiG-29M prototype (No. 154). It has an upgraded sharp-LERX aerodynamic configuration and a quadruple-redundant 3D digital fly-by-wire control system ensuring good stability and controllability in the manual and automatic flight modes, including automated mid-air refueling and super maneuverability at post stall angles of attack.
Avionics Specification
Radar System:
The MIG-35 is equipped with Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar, the Zhuk-MA, which gives a 160km detecting radius range for air targets, and 300km for maritime targets. Features of this AESA radar include low interception probability and high jamming resistance. The multi-role radar with active phased array provides for advantage over the competitors due to the, extended range of operating frequencies, increased quantity of detected, tracked and attacked targets, possibility of simultaneous attack of air and ground targets, extended detection range, enhanced resolution in the surface mapping mode, high jamming protection and survivability.
The multi-role radar with active phased array provides for advantage over the competitors due to the following factors:
extended range of operating frequencies;
increased quantity of detected, tracked and attacked targets;
possibility of simultaneous attack of air and ground targets;
extended detection range;
enhanced resolution in the surface mapping mode;
High jamming protection and survivability.
Optical Locator System (OLS):
OLS as well as radar, allow detecting target and aim weapon systems. But, unlike the radar, OLS has no emission which means - can’t be detected. OLS works like a human eye - it gets picture and analyzes it. Usually it’s been said radars are the eyes of the plane. But to be exact, it’s more locator device, like whales has. But OLS is really the eyes of the plane and they are very sharp.
OLS works not only in visible bands. Very important part of “plane vision” is IR picture. Engineers have chosen more short-wave bands for the matrix, which has increased sensitivity of the complex in several times and has increased detection range greatly.
MiG-35 OLS may see USAF stealth planes very nicely as well. Today it’s impossible to hide the plane from the complex of powerful optics with IR vision.
This optical system can distinguish targets and aim weapons as well. Since, it has no emission; it is very silent one of the noticeable, physical features of the MiG-35 is the glass bubble bulging from the left engine’s section (when looking at the aircraft face-to-face). This comes to be the Optical Locator System (OLS) that detects targets and aims weapon systems without causing any emissions, making it undetectable. The device includes a combination of powerful optics with IR vision capabilities, making it impossible for planes to hide. Therefore, it is believed that OLS helps MiG-35 pilots to spot stealth planes, including the USAF ones.
The MiG’s combination of the Zhuk-MA radar and the OLS makes it capable to solely fly multirole missions independently and with much less dependence on ground-controlled interception systems.
Propulsion:
The MiG-35 is powered by two Klimov RD-33MKBs that generate 7% more power compared to the original model, a higher-than-average thrust of 9,000kgf. The RD-33 engines are smokeless, have new electronic control system, and include systems that reduce infrared and optical visibility.
The engines can be fitted with swivel and thrust vectoring nozzles. Unlike Saturn’s (i.e. Sukhoi’s engine provider) two-dimensional (horizontal / vertical) vectoring, Klimov achieved an all-aspect vectoring with the aid of three hydraulic actuators that deflect the nozzles. This enables the MiG-35 to fly at very low, zero, and even negative (i.e. tail-forward) speeds without angle-of-attack limitations, while maintaining control and stability.
Maneuverability:
Given high thrust-to-weight performance, thrust vector able nozzles, huge leading edge root extensions (LERXES), and advanced fly-by-wire computerized avionics, the MiG-35 is capable of demonstrating super-maneuverability, achieving high turning rates, and flying at extremely acute angles of attack at high levels of G-force.
Armament:
The MiG-35 has the ability to deliver up to 12,000 lbs. of ordnance with fine-tuned accuracy against numerous air, ground, and maritime targets. It is fitted with a 30 mm cannon, and can bear an array of short, medium and long-range (including Beyond Vision Range – BVR) missiles, in addition to TV and laser guided bombs.
Cost & Operational Improvements:
It was reported that Russia may be offering versions of the MiG-35 to potential clients at a price almost five times cheaper than the American F-22 Raptor, which makes it a very appealing option for governments shopping for front-line fighters.
Moreover, the MiG-35’s engine’s, avionics’, and overall reliability was increased than that of the original MiG-29, hence increasing the aircraft’s service lifetime, with a flight cost hour of approximately 2.5 times less.
The IRST system with infra-red, TV and laser sighting equipment has been developed using the space technologies which were not applied previously in aviation. The system distinctive features are the increased range, detection, tracking, identification and lock-on of air, ground/surface targets in the forward and rear hemispheres, at day and night measuring the distance with laser range-finder as well as the formation of target designation and laser illumination of ground targets. The IRST system and new helmet-mounted target designation system are integrated into the armament control system. In addition to the built-in IRST system the MiG-35 aircraft is equipped with a one.
The MiG-35/MiG-35D aircraft is provided with a defense system including in particular:
radio electronic reconnaissance and electronic counter measures;
Optronic systems for detection of attacking missiles and laser emission;
Decoy dispensers to counteract the enemy in the radar and infrared ranges.
In addition to the "A-A" and "A-S" class weapons applied on the MiG-29K/KUB and MiG-29M/M2 aircraft the advanced aircraft armament, which have not been offered earlier for export, is being included into the MiG-35/MiG-35D aircraft weapons. The long range weapons capable to attack targets without approaching the air defense zone are among them.
Avionics’ open architecture allows installation on aircraft of new equipment and weapons of Russian and foreign origin upon customer’s request.
Both the single and double seat versions of aircraft have the same airborne equipment and weapons as well as the high unification level of structure.
For the MiG-35/MiG-35D fighters the full set of training means was developed including the interactive computer-based training system and a number of simulators including the full-mission simulator with a motion system.
The basic version of the MiG-35/MiG-35D fighter is designed taking into account the international cooperation organization when developing new modifications of aircraft and during serial production.
Advancement from MIG-29 to MIG-35
The Mig-29, Fulcrum NATO-codename, is a single-seat, highly maneuverable fighter aircraft designed to engage airborne targets such as aircraft, UAVs and cruise missiles. It features a limited air-to-surface/ ground strike capability. The Mig-29 is the Soviet counterpart to US F-15, F-16 and F/A-18 aircraft. More than 1,300 Mig-29s have been produced for 27 countries worldwide.
The Mig-29 aircraft features an integrated fire control system comprising the aircraft radar, and Infrared Search and Track (IRST) device, and a helmet-mounted sight. It can accommodate medium range R-27 and short range R-73 air-to-air missiles, bombs, and rockets as well as a built-in 30mm GSh-301 gun. The Mig-29 is able to outperform any existing western aircraft in a short range engagement employing the combination of R-73 missile, helmet-mounted sight and IRST.
The Mig-29 Fulcrum avionics are not as sophisticated as its NATO counterparts aircraft such as the Mirage 2000, F-15, F-16, and F/A-18. In the event of an air-to-air engagement at medium range NATO-aircraft shall have advantage over the Soviet Mig-29. However in a dogfight the Mig-29 will outperform NATO-aircraft easily. In the ground strike role the Mig-29 doesn't match NATO-aircraft capabilities.
The Mig-35 is an advanced version of the Mig-29 aircraft and represents 4++ generation of Russian fighter aircraft technology. It is capable of winning an air dogfight, neutralizing attack aircraft and cruise missiles, destroying sea and surface targets employing precision guided munitions at standoff ranges, conducting air reconnaissance missions, and playing patrol missions in groups of aircraft. The Mig-35 features open architecture avionics, improved operational performance and a greater number of weapons compared with other members of Mig-29 family aircraft. Extensive use of composites in the airframe has led to radar cross section (RCS) reduction thus achieving enhanced survivability. RAC MIG rolled out the first production aircraft on January 9, 2007.
MIG Corporation has increased its internal and external fuel capacity leading to a maximum takeoff weight increase which means that the Mig-35 is a medium fighter aircraft rather than a light fighter aircraft. Its internal fuel capacity has been increased by 50 percent. Besides, the aircraft can load up to five droppable external fuel tanks (compared to three in the Mig-29) in addition to its built-in fuel refueling probe. Other key improvements implemented for the Mig-35 program have led to: increased engine and avionics reliability, service life extension to 40 years or 6,000 flight hours, engine TBO (Time Between Overhaul) of 1,000 flight hours, reduction of flight hour cost by 2.5 compared to Mig-29, and on-condition maintenance which means all the checking and servicing procedures carried out at its home base.
The standard equipment provided to the Mig-35 includes Zhuk-AE active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, on-board oxygen generation system (OBOGS), sophisticated multi-channel Infrared search and track (IRST) sighting system, anti-corrosion airframe technologies, electronic warfare systems, and electro-optic and radar warning systems against fighter aircraft and ground-based air defense systems. The RD-33 OVT thrust vectoring control (TVC) engines provide super-maneuverability. As part of the electronic equipment provided to the Mig-35, RAC MIG and Eletronica of Italy are promoting the ELT/568(V) 2 jammer. Optional equipment includes the PAZ-MK refueling pod which enables the Mig-35 to act as a tanker-aircraft. A new computer-based training simulator is available for the Mig-35 and other Mig-29 family aircraft.
Design
The most important changes are the Phazotron Zhuk-AE active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar, the RD-33MK engines and the newly designed Optical Locator System (OLS). Other obvious changes in the cockpit are the reduction in analog electronics.
Power plant
The RD-33MK "Morskaya Osa" ("Sea Wasp") was installed by the new modification. It is the latest version of the RD-33 and was intended to power the MiG-29K and MiG-29KUB. It has 7% more power compared to the baseline model due to the use of modern materials in the cooled blades, providing a higher thrust of 9,000 kgf. In response to earlier criticism, the new engines are smokeless and include systems that reduce infrared and optical visibility. The engines may be fitted with vectored-thrust nozzles, which would result an increase in combat efficiency by 12 to 15%. With the vectored thrust nozzles, the engines are designated RD-33OVT and will allow the Mig-35 to be the first twin-engine aircraft with vectoring nozzles that can move in all axes. Other existing thrust vectoring aircraft, like the Su-30MKI and the F-22, all feature two-dimensional vectoring nozzles.
Cockpit
Analog electronics are minimized, being replaced by 3 equal-size colour LCD multi-function displays (MFDs) and an additional display for the OLS (the MiG-35D rear cockpit has four LCDs).
Sensors
New modifications include the newly rolled-out Phazotron Zhuk-AE active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar and an optronic complex consisting of the newly designed OLS to replace the previous IRST sensor, an additional OLS under the right air intake, and a pair of laser emission detectors on each wing tip. The Phazotron Zhuk-AE AESA radar offers a wider range of operating frequencies, providing more resistance to electronic countermeasures (ECM), more detection range, more air and ground targets detected, tracked and able to be engaged simultaneously. The radar is thought to have detection range of 160 km for air targets and 300 km for ships.
The OLS, a new development from space technologies, incorporates a helmet-mounted target designation system providing targeting solutions for both ground and air targets in the forward and aft hemispheres of the aircraft. The most vital difference from the previous IRST sensor is that the new device provides not only a better operation range but also offers manually switchable display options of IR view, TV mode or a mix of both that significantly improves man-machine coordination. The OLS on the nose serves as the IRST while the OLS under the right air intake serves as the ground strike designator.
In air combat, the optronic suite allows:
Detection of non-afterburning targets at 45 km range and more
Identification of those targets at 8 to 10 km range
Estimates of aerial target range at up to 15 km.
For ground targets, the suite allows:
A tank-effective detection range up to 15 km, and aircraft carrier detection at 60 to 80 km;
Identification of the tank type on the 8 to 10 km range, and of an aircraft carrier at 40 to 60 km
Estimates of ground target range of up to 20 km.
The defensive system equipment consists of radar reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures, and optical systems (notably the laser emission detector on each wingtip) which are able to detect and evaluate the approaching danger and operate decoy dispensers to counteract the approaching threat in the radar and infrared ranges.
Failure events, Accidents and Its Modification:
Radar and engine performance shortcomings were to blame for the MiG-35failing to make the shortlist in India's medium multi-role combat aircraft (MMRCA) contest.
The MiG-29’s biggest weaknesses were short range, engines that produce telltale smoke (very bad in air combat) and lack of true multi-role capability; the MiG-35 largely fixes these issues, and may even add an AESA radar of its own if Phazotron-NIIR can have its new Zhuk-AE ready in time. Technology sharing and co-production are also considered to be strengths; as one Indian officer put it“Russians have their problems of delayed projects and unreliable spare supply but they give access to everything, unlike the Americans.” He’s referring to the IAF’s not-so-great experience with India’s existing MiG-29s, which have had maintenance problems in addition to their other deficits.
Remaining weaknesses in the MiG-35 bid include the serious difficulties India has had with Russian firms over the refit of its new carrier, order for more Mi-17 helicopters, and order for 3 more Krivak-III class frigates. All have featured failure to deliver, and post-contract price renegotiation demands that have raised prices up to 200%. Reports that MiG-35 delivery cannot start before 2014 at the earliest add a further disadvantage, especially compared to competitors with active production lines and rapid delivery capability.
The revelations are contained in feedback from India to Russia's arms export agency, Rosoboron export. The MiG-35's radar, the Zhuk-MAE active electronically scanned array (AESA), from Russia's Phazotron, failed to achieve the required acquisition and tracking ranges. And its Klimov RD-33MK engines also fell short of the Indian performance criteria.
Speaking to the media on 3 August, Vladimir Barkovsky, chief of MiG's engineering centre, said: "The Klimov and Chernyshev [engine companies] briefed [India] at length about their capabilities and intentions to improve their offering, but unfortunately their arguments were not taken into account."
Despite this, the same RD-33MK met Indian navy requirements and powers the newly-built MiG-29K/KUB fighters being delivered to the service.
Barkovsky also defended the Zhuk-MAE AESA radar, pointing out that the prototype nature of the model fitted to the MiG-35 meant that it did not meet the tender specifications, particularly regarding range.
The MiG-35 features the RD-33OVT thrust-vector engine that was previously tested on the MiG-29. The Russians rarely fail to advertise the MiG-35's thrust vector control that allows the aircraft to undertake the breathtaking "cobra" maneuver. The aircraft stalls in mid-flight, nose at 90 degrees like a cobra ready to strike, and slides backwards. In a real dogfight, such a move can turn the hunted into the hunter. It has intersecting nozzles that can point in any direction, enabling the plane to perform breath-taking stunts. The engine ensures 100% controllability at maximum and zero speeds. The thrust can be controlled in every direction and, most importantly of all, at every speed between the maximum and very low - up to 200 kilometers per hour and practically zero. The plane can fly with its tail forward and do things conventional aircraft cannot do, i.e. evade a missile attack in a dogfight and at the same time move in for the kill itself. This almost unique characteristic (only some Sukhoi fighters can also do this) is said to allows the MiG-35 to "defeat any enemy in close combat" [though American skeptics would note that American combat aircraft are not in the habit of allowing their adversaries to engage in close combat].
Advancements Required to convert MIG-35 to Zulfiqar-35
1773b Bus Interface:
MIL-STD-1773 contains the requirements for utilizing a fiber optic "cabling" system as a transmission
Medium for the MIL-STD-1553B bus protocol. As such, the standard repeats MIL-STD-1553 nearly word-for-word.
The standard does not specify power levels, noise levels, spectral characteristics, optical wavelength, electrical/optical
Isolation or means of distributing optical power. These must be contained in separate specifications for each intended use.
Data encoding and word format are identical to MIL-STD-1553, with the exception that pulses are defined as
Transitions between 0 (off) and 1 (on) rather than between + and - voltage transitions since light cannot have a negative value.
Since the standard applies to cabling only, the bus operates at the same speed as it would utilize wire.
Additionally, data error rate requirements are unchanged.
Different environmental considerations must be given to fiber optic systems. Altitude, humidity, temperature,
And age affects fiber optics differently than wire conductors. Power is divided evenly at junctions which branch and
Connectors have losses just as wire connectors do.
MIL-STD-1773, MILITARY STANDARD: FIBER OPTICS MECHANIZATION OF AN AIRCRAFT INTERNAL TIME DIVISION COMMAND/RESPONSE MULTIPLEX DATA BUS (20 MAY 1988)., This standard defines requirements for digital, command/response time division multiplexing (data bus) techniques on aircraft. It encompasses the fiber optic data bus transmission line, the electro-optical transmission and reception units, and the associated interface electronics. The concept of operation and information flow on the multiplex data bus and the optical, electrical and functional formats to be employed are also defined. When invoked in a specification or statement-of-work, these requirements shall apply to the multiplex data bus and associated equipment which is developed either alone or as a portion of an aircraft weapon system or subsystem development. The contractor is responsible for invoking all of the applicable requirements of this Military Standard on any and all subcontractors he may employ. Potential Air Force users of MIL-STD-1773 should consider the following: a. The Air Force is presently using the wire data bus covered by MIL-STD-1553 for 1-MHz transmission. b. At this time, Air Force standardization in the use of a fiber optics bus for the same 1-MHz transmission would not reduce cost or increase interoperability, interchangeability, reliability, or the other benefits associated with standardization in general. c. The Air Force intends to pursue fiber optics application for a standardized avionics high speed data bus to take advantage of the inherent wide bandwidth characteristics of the fiber. The purpose of this standard is twofold: (a) it seeks to preserve the multiplex bus techniques which have been standardized in MIL-STD-1553, and (b) it provides guidelines for the application of fiber optic transmission techniques to the MIL-STD-1553 interconnect. Use of this standard alone will not ensure total compatibility of transmission characteristics between different systems which employ a fiber optic interconnect; however, it will ensure general compatibility of the optical modulation techniques. The optical power levels, optical wavelength and the means for distributing optical power in any specific implementation must be contained in a specification which references this standard
ELECTRONIC WARFARE:
The Electronic Warfare 'system' is also a collection of apertures, electronics, and processors (again using the CIP) that detect and locate signals from other aircraft and controls the F-22's expendable countermeasures (chaff and flares).
The EW aperture locations provide all-aspect coverage, and the system includes a missile launch detection capability.
RCS:
The Radar Cross Section of a plane is basically, how much echo the plane sends from radar. Everything has a Radar Cross Section (or RCS), but where birds have approximately a .01 square meter RCS, the Raptor has almost the same RCS. The B2 Bomber has a radar cross section of .75 square meters. For the Raptor to be stealthy, the creators had to cut down on the RCS, meaning that everything on the plane, internal and external, had to have no echo, or as little as possible. To accomplish this, they made many parts of the plane with special alloys (metal mixtures) that had little or no echo when hit by radar. The shape of the F-22 is made to have an over-all "triangular" shape, making the over-all shape reflect radio waves in such a manner, that they do not go back to the radar of the enemy.
OLS:
Previous OLS has sensor which was designed in a fashion that is was visible to enemy radar although it emit out nothing and invisible to radar in form of emission but it has larger physical appearance like a glass made bal shaped structure.
In my Aircraft this is made according to the surface of Aircraft so that this ball becomes invisible.
Automatic Selection of Weapon and Its Drag control:
When Aircraft release missile or Fire gun or any other weapon then this missile first go away from Aircraft and then Get thrust this increases the attacking time and increase the probability of missing target. Zulfiqar-35 controls this automatically first it sees and lock target then it automatically select target according to its RCS and Pre-calculate its drag during fire of missile. This makes it more valuable of less time to attack target.
Conclusion:
This modification has improved and modified MIG-35 Aircraft which is 4th generation aircraft to the Zulfiqar-35 a further more advanced than Fifth generation aircraft like the problems we had in MIG-35 and all aircraft including Fifth generation Aircraft during attack and firing of missile to its drag Zulfiqar-35 improves and rectifies this problem by Pre-calculating its expected drag during fire. Also it select weapon by calculating target RCS.
OLS which is the advanced type of radar first time installed in MIG-35 but it had a problem that although it emit nothing like silent radar but its physical appearance created many negative points. Ball shaped sensor fitted with surface of Aircraft so that it seem to be disappeared.
Cockpit is improved ergonomically and by integration making it more simpler appearance is same as MIG-35 had so that Enemy couldn’t differentiate between MIG-35 and ZULFIQAR-35 which is very helpful in War.
Recommendation:
The recommendation from my team to the Aircraft manufacturing Company has been given which include
Installation of Pre-calculating system of Target RCS, selecting weapon and its Drag controlling during firing of Missile etc..
Using modified BUS system by replacing copper wires which has data speed C (speed of light)/6 with fiber which has data processing speed equal to C and enhancing its processing speed.
OLS is fitted with surface of Aircraft to make it like it seems to disappear.
Advancement in Cockpit by having more integrated data in MFDs and making it more ergonomical.
Fault detection and isolation system should be incorporated in the entire avionics of the aircraft so that a fault is detected and removed immediately before it can cause other systems to malfunction.
The Avionics of the aircraft should be made a little more independent and their functionality should not deter to a great extent due to a small problem in some previous linked system of Aircraft.
If you've ever broken a cell phone, you have no doubt seen the strange shaped antenna that makes communication between the phone and the tower possible. These oddly shaped conductors are designed by computers and usually can radiate signals on a broad range of frequencies, instead of just one. It's a fairly new technology which only became viable in the last decade -- about the time when your mobile phone became your cell phone.
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